ELLIS Surname Meaning and Family History

ELLIS Surname Meaning and Family History One of a few well known names in medieval England got from the Hebrew individual name Elijah, or the Greek Elias (Hebrew Eliyyahu),â meaning my God is Yahweh. In Old English the name was regularly spelled Elis or Elys. In Wales the Ellis family name got from the Welsh individual name Elisedd, a subordinate of elus, which means sympathetic, kindhearted. Last name Origin: English, Welsh Interchange Surname Spellings: ELIS, ELYS, ELIES, ELLISS, ELIX, ELICE, ELLICE, ELIAS, ELS, ELES, ALCE, ALES, ALIS, ALLACE, ALLES, ALLESS, ALLIS, ALLISS Celebrated People With the ELLIS Surname Albert Ellis - American psychologistAlton Ellis - Jamaican vocalist songwriterNelsan Ellis - American theater and TV actorPerry Ellis - American style designerC. P. (Claiborne Paul) Ellis -  American Ku Klux Klan pioneer turned social liberties activistDonald Johnson Don Ellis -  American jazz trumpeter, drummer, writer and bandleaderGeorge James Welbore Agar-Ellis - first Baron Dover; British politicianWilliam Ellis -  English missionary and writer Where Is the ELLIS Last Name Most Common? Ellis, as indicated by family name information from Forebears, is the 1,446thâ most regular last name on the planet. It is generally predominant in the United States, where it positions 113th, yet it is utilized by a more noteworthy level of the populace in Wales (45th), England (75th), and Jamaica (66th). Inside Wales, the Ellis family name is discovered most much of the time in the North, particularly Flintshire (where it positions twelfth), Denbigshire (fourteenth) and Caernarfonshire (sixteenth). In England, it is generally basic in Devon (seventeenth). WorldNames PublicProfiler has the Ellis last name as most usually found in the United Kingdom, with the best quantities of people grouped in northern Wales and Yorkshire and Humberside, England. Family history Resources for the Surname ELLIS English Surname Meanings and OriginsUncover the significance of your English last name with this manual for English family name implications and sources. The most effective method to Research English AncestryLearn how to investigate your English family tree with this manual for genealogical records in England and Wales, including birth, marriage, passing, enumeration, military and church records. Ellis Surname DNA ProjectA focal site for people with the Ellis or variation surnameâ who need to partake in Family Tree DNA testing to find out about their Ellis progenitors and where and who they originated from. Ellis Family Crest - Its Not What You ThinkContrary to what you may hear, there is nothing of the sort as an Ellisâ family peak or escutcheon for the Ellis surname. Coats of arms are conceded to people, not families, and may legitimately be utilized distinctly by the continuous male-line relatives of the individual to whom the crest was initially allowed. ELLIS Family Genealogy ForumFree message board is centered around relatives of Ellis progenitors around the globe. FamilySearch - ELLIS GenealogyExplore over 4.5â millionâ historical records which notice people with the Ellis last name, just as online Ellis family trees on this free site facilitated by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. ELLIS Surname Mailing ListFree mailing list for scientists of the Ellis family name and its varieties incorporates membership subtleties and an accessible chronicles of past messages. GeneaNet - Ellis RecordsGeneaNet incorporates chronicled records, family trees, and different assets for people with the Ellisâ surname, with a fixation on records and families from France and other European nations. The Ellis Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse family trees and connections to genealogical and chronicled records for people with the last name Ellisâ from the site of Genealogy Today. References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967.Dorward, David. Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket release), 1998.Fucilla, Joseph. Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003.Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989.Hanks, Patrick. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003.Reaney, P.H. A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997.Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997. https://www.thoughtco.com/family name implications and-starting points s2-1422408

Various Leadership Practice Styles

Tibet Unique The reason for this paper is to give an engaging record of the present abominations being executed by the Communist Chinese in the unlawfully involved province of Tibet and the occasions, political and aggressor, that offered ascend to these occasions since Communist Invasion and occupation in 1959. I intend to give a short portrayal of the political, lawful, and military issues just as the human rights infringement that have happened since 1959. This paper will pass on my profound hatred towards human affliction, particularly annihilation and the impassive reaction to it, the most elevated monstrosity of man as I would like to think. Realities about Tibet. 14,000 feet above ocean level, high in the Himalayan Mountains lies Tibet, an involved settlement of the Peoples Republic of China. This little state comprises of 6,000,000 Tibetans, 99% of whom illicitly practice Tibetan Buddhism, called Mahatlayan, and a dubious number of Chinese settlers. The national language is Tibetan, however the new official language is Chinese. The economy is kept up by horticultural and creature farming, rehearsed by the Tibetans, and administrative trade and administration, rehearsed by the Chinese, who are currently evaluated to dwarf the local Tibetans. There are, one might say, two legislatures of Tibet. The first is the Communist system, headed by Party authorities. The second is the administration in a state of banishment being held in Dharamsala, in northern India, a stateless republic drove by the Dalai Lama. Outline of Chinese Invasion and Destruction of Tibet: 1949-1959. During the foundation of another Communist government in 1959, China sent an expeditionary power to Tibet in 1959. Tibet had to sign a settlement that recognized Chinese sway over Tibet, however Ti... ...cMillian. 1960. Goldstein, Melvyn. History of Modern Tibet, 1913-1951. London, University of California Press: 1989. US House Committee on International Relations: Current status on dealings between the Tibetan government estranged abroad and the Peoples Republic of China: Hearing before the C.I.R., House of Representatives, 105th Congress, November sixth, 1997, Released by Washington: U.S.G.P.O., 1998. China's Public Relations Strategy on Tibet www.afn.org/~afn20372/pol/bp.html (5-4-09) Tibetan Studies WWW Virtual Library www.ciolek.com/WWWVL-TibetanStudies.html (5-4-09) Landing page of Tibet www.omni.cc.purdue.edu/~wtu/tibet/Welcome.html (5-4-09) Tibet www.asnic.utexas.edu/asnic/nations/tibet/(5-4-09) In the Court of His Holiness The Dalai Lama www.tibet.com/(5-4-09)

How to Find Some of the Best College Essay Samples

How to Find Some of the Best College Essay SamplesYou have all the free time in the world so you can write a college essay. You don't have to go out and pay someone to do it for you. But what should you be looking for? Find some of the most reliable essay samples out there, and this will show you where to start.The first thing you want to know is what type of essay you are writing before you look for college essay samples. There are so many different types out there, it can be difficult to know what is right for you. But the most popular types are research papers, essay cases, essays about religious or spiritual matters, and reports on science.So once you know what type of essay you are looking for, find the free time you have and find some of the most reputable essay samples for your college essay. Find a writing resource or instructor who is credible and well-known in your area. Look for someone that has published extensively and has written for print and online publications. Go on line and read a few of their articles so you can get an idea of the type of writer they are.You might be spending free time at home during this time. Read these articles and watch some of the videos and then pick some out. You want to do this by researching some of the more recent topics or in today's academic climate. You might be able to use some of these essays and make a few additions as you are writing your own.Then go to your free time and make sure you get at least one of these. They are not only free, but also the next best thing to hiring someone else to write the essay for you. As long as you keep in mind the quality of the writer, you can make sure you get a quality piece of writing.Now you have the resources for writing a college essay and you just need to find some of the best essay samples to do it. You want to find writers who are good at writing reports and who have experience in doing scientific or historical writing. If you want something a little bit more specific , you can always look for writing samples that are geared towards these subjects. In addition, look for writers who have some experience in other areas of writing such as journalism or creative writing.Take your free time and start looking for these essays today. It might be a bit time consuming but it will be worth it in the end. You will be writing a much better essay, if you do it right. Also, you will save a lot of money since the ones that cost hundreds of dollars are not all you can find.Start looking for essay samples today. You will get them at no cost and will be very happy with your results.

Understanding the Victim Complex

In clinical psychology, a â€Å"victim complex† or â€Å"victim mentality† describes a personality trait of persons who believe they are constantly the victims of the harmful actions of others, even when made aware of evidence to the contrary. Most people go through normal periods of simple self-pity—as part of the grieving process, for example. However, these episodes are temporary and minor compared to the perpetual feelings of helplessness, pessimism, guilt, shame, despair, and depression that consume the lives of persons afflicted with a victim complex. Unfortunately, it is not uncommon for people who have actually been victims of physically abusive or manipulative relationships to fall prey to  a universal victim mentality. Victim Complex vs. Martyr Complex   Sometimes associated with the term victim complex, the â€Å"martyr complex† describes the personality trait of people who actually desire the feeling of repeatedly being the victim. Such people sometimes seek out, even encourage, their own victimization in order to either satisfy a psychological need or as an excuse to avoid personal responsibility. Persons diagnosed with a martyr complex often knowingly place themselves in situations or relationships that most likely will cause suffering. Outside of the theological context, which holds that martyrs are persecuted as punishment for their refusal to reject a religious doctrine or deity, persons with a martyr complex seek to suffer in the name of love or duty. The martyr complex is sometimes associated with the personality disorder called â€Å"masochism,† which describes a preference for and the pursuit of suffering.   Psychologists often observe the martyr complex in persons involved in abusive or codependent relationships. Fed by their perceived misery, persons with a martyr complex will often reject advice or offers to help them. Common Traits of Victim Complex Sufferers Persons diagnosed with a victim complex tend to dwell on every trauma, crisis, or disease that they have ever experienced, particularly those that happened during their childhoods. Often seeking a survival technique, they have come to believe that society simply â€Å"has it out for them.† In this sense, they passively submit to their unavoidable â€Å"fate† as perpetual victims as a way of coping with problems that may range from tragic to trivial. Some common traits of persons with a victim complex include: They refuse to accept responsibility for dealing with their problems.They never accept any degree of blame for their problems.They always find reasons why suggested solutions will not work.They carry grudges, never forgive, and simply cannot â€Å"move on.†They are rarely assertive and find it hard to express their needs.They believe everyone is â€Å"out to get them† and thus trust no one.They are negative and pessimistic, always looking for the bad even in the good.They are often highly critical of others and rarely enjoy lasting friendships. According to psychologists, victim complex sufferers employ these â€Å"safer to flee than fight† beliefs as a method of coping with or completely avoiding life and its inherent difficulties. As noted behavioral scientist, author, and speaker Steve Maraboli puts it, â€Å"The victim mindset dilutes the human potential. By not accepting personal responsibility for our circumstances, we greatly reduce our power to change them.† The Victim Complex in Relationships In relationships, a partner with a victim complex can cause extreme emotional chaos. The â€Å"victim† may constantly ask their partner to help them only to reject their suggestions or even find ways to sabotage them. In some cases, the â€Å"victim† will actually wrongly criticize their partner for failing to help, or even accuse them of trying to make their situation worse. As a result of this frustrating cycle, victims become experts at manipulating or bullying their partners into making draining attempts at care-giving, ranging from financial support to assuming full responsibility for their lives. Because of this, bullies—looking for someone to take advantage of—often seek persons with a victim complex as their partners.  Ã‚   Perhaps the most likely to suffer lasting damage from these relationships are partners whose pity for the victim transcends sympathy to become empathy. In some cases, the dangers of misguided empathy can be the end of already tenuous relationships. When Victims Meet Saviors Along with attracting bullies who are looking to dominate them, persons with a victim complex often find partners who have a â€Å"savior complex† and are looking to â€Å"fix† them. According to psychologists, persons with a savior or â€Å"Messiah† complex feel a consuming need to save other people. Often sacrificing their own needs and well-being, they seek out and attach themselves to people whom they believe desperately need their help. Believing they are doing â€Å"the noble thing† in trying to â€Å"save† people while asking nothing in return, saviors often consider themselves better than everyone else. While the savior partner is certain they can help them, their victim partners are equally certain they cannot. Worse yet, victim partners with a martyr complex—happy in their misery—will stop at nothing to make sure they fail. Whether the savior’s motives in helping are pure or not, their actions can be harmful. Incorrectly believing their savior partner will â€Å"make them whole,† the victim partner feels no need to take responsibility for his or her own actions and never develops the internal motivation to do so. For the victim, any positive changes will be temporary, while negative changes will be permanent and potentially devastating. Where to Look for Advice All of the conditions discussed in this article are true mental health disorders. As with medical problems, advice on mental disorders and potentially dangerous relationships should be sought only from certified mental health care professionals.   In the United States, registered professional psychologists are certified by the American Board of Professional Psychology (ABPA). Lists of certified psychologists or psychiatrists in your area can typically be obtained from your state or local health agency. In addition, your primary care doctor is a good person to ask if you think you may need to see somebody about your mental health. Sources Andrews, Andrea LPC NCC, â€Å"The Victim Identity.â€Å"  Psychology Today, https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/traversing-the-inner-terrain/201102/the-victim-identity.Editor, -Flow Psychology. â€Å"Messiah Complex Psychology.†Ã‚  Grimag, 11 Feb. 2014, https://flowpsychology.com/messiah-complex-psychology/.Seligman, David B. Masochism. Australasian Journal of Philosophy, vol. 48, no.1, May 1970, pp. 67-75.Johnson, Paul E. The Emotional Health of the Clergy. Journal of Religion and Health,  vol. 9, no.  1, Jan. 1970, pp. 50-50, Braiker, Harriet B., Whos Pulling Your Strings? How to Break the Cycle of Manipulation, McGraw-Hill, 2004.Aquino, K., Dominating Interpersonal Behavior and Perceived Victimization in Groups: Evidence for a Curvilinear Relationship, Journal of Management, vol. 28, no. 1, February 2002, pp. 69-87

Prisoners Rights - 954 Words

Society Tiffany Horvath SOC 305: Crime and Society Instructor: Efua Akoma October 28, 2013 If you asked 100 random people to describe a criminal, they would describe someone uneducated, in and out of the justice system, a minority or just a basic street criminal. â€Å"National surveys suggest that when Americans think about crime, they see the face of a black jobless high-school dropout from a broken home† (Society, 2013). â€Å"Federal researchers found, for example, that many prisoners are reasonably well-educated. More than six out of 10 prisoners are high school graduates, and many attended college. A majority of federal prison inmates and nearly half of all state prisoners are white or white Hispanic, not African American.†¦show more content†¦In fact, 28 percent of all federal prisoners and 12 percent of state prison inmates attended at least some college. Broken homes lead to crime. It’s true that children raised in single-parent households are disproportionately more likely to become involved in criminality than those who are no t. The face of crime is black. It is true that blacks are disproportionately represented in the overall prison populations in both state and federal facilities, relative to their proportion in the population† (Society, 2013). In the end, all of those who are involved in active society end up experiencing some effect of crime. Besides the obvious unrest that is experienced by citizens of a society that has crime, it is also felt in the pockets of tax payers. New prisons and jails, programs for criminals and money for more police protection all come directly and indirectly out of the pocket of taxpayers in America. Some neighborhoods even involve themselves in programs such as neighborhood watches to prevent crimes. In areas where crime is prevalent, residents notice direct effects in terms of depreciated housing, education, and job availability in the surrounding economy. Society loses when investing in new jails rather than paying employee’s higher wages. A stu dy has proven that society pays over twice the average household income forShow MoreRelatedPrisoners Right to Vote3654 Words   |  15 PagesShould all prisoners be given the right to vote or should it be limited only to some or to none at all? Provide a reasoned argument for your decision. Examination Code: R12630 Module Code: 6FFLK020 Date of Submission: 28/03/2013 T he majority of democratic societies recognise the right to vote as an essential human right. Despite this, there are a number of countries where leaders believe that the disenfranchisement of prisoners, merely as a result of their imprisonment, is a justified and prerequisiteRead MoreEssay about The Rights of a Prisoner531 Words   |  3 PagesRights of Prisoners While lawful incarceration deprives prisoners of most of Americas Constitutional rights, they do maintain a few constitutional rights. Federal courts, while hesitant to impede with the internal administration of prisons, will interfere to rectify violations of the constitutional rights that prisoners are still entitled to. A prison guideline that oversteps on a prisoner’s constitutional rights is lawful only if it is reasonably related to the safety of the inmates or the rehabilitationRead MoreThe Rights Of Prisoner Rights1470 Words   |  6 Pagesbe explain the what the term â€Å"prisoner rights† mean and which rights are allowed and denied for prisoners. I will also be giving a brief history on and explaining how prisoner rights have changed from the early days till today. I will also try to give my own views on if those changes have been beneficial for the prisoners and how their rights may develop in the future. When it comes to finding out what the exact meaning for the term â€Å"prisoner rights† is kind of hard to explain.Read MorePrisoner Rights1245 Words   |  5 Pages Prisoner Rights Robert Bregante CJS230 April 17, 2011 Michael Lew Prisoner Rights A major part of the evolution within the prison system is prisoner rights. Even though citizens loose many of their rights once committing a felony, there are still rights afforded to those individuals incarcerated. Prisoner rights are important to maintaining balance within the prison system. They give the prisoners a voice, which prevents prison officials from abusing their power. Prisoner rights are necessaryRead MorePrisoners Rights1713 Words   |  7 PagesDealing with Prisoner Rights As we evolved into a more civilized society many things changed. Medicine became better; schools and education improved, and treatment of our prisoners became more humane. The constitution of our country clearly prohibits the use of cruel and unusual punishment. No longer would captors be allowed torture that captive with iron maidens or contraptions of the like. These basic rules seem obvious to us today, but they represent the foundation of prisoner rights, the ideaRead MoreShould Prisoners Have Equal Health Care Rights?959 Words   |  4 Pagesfuture health care worker, is should prisoners have equal health care rights. Some people believe that when a person commits a crime, they waive their right to be treated in the same way as others. Some think that prisoners should not have equal health care rights because once a prisoner has committed a crime they should no longer have the same rights as the average person should. From multiple perspectives, people think that prisoners should not have the right to receive health care because citizensRead MoreThe Constitutional Rights Of Prisoners1030 Words   |  5 Pagesconstitutional rights of prisoners and the functions of the jail or prison can create great strain on not only the correctional facilities’ staff but on the inmates as well. The treatment of prisoners is typically left completely to the prudence of prison administrators and other correctional officials. With that being said, this paper will discuss the differences between harmonizing those constitutional rights of prisoners and the functions of the facility. It will also explain the rights that prisoners areRead MoreShould Prisoners Be Given The Right To Vote Essay example1579 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Should prisoners be given the right to vote? The UK has been accused of breaching the European Convention of Human Rights Article 3 of protocol 1 by having a blanket ban on prisoners voting. The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) promotes the idea that convicted prisoners should be allowed to vote and have a right to vote, despite the Conservative party being opposed to this view. As a result the ECHR have being pressuring the Tory’s to bow to their rules for many years. This essay will examineRead MoreTheu.s. Prisoners Rights : Denying Health Care Causes Serious Consequences1239 Words   |  5 Pages U.S. Prisoners’ Rights: Denying Health Care Causes Serious Consequences Madison Brenner â€Å"We have the largest lifer population of any prison. The inmates shouldn’t die before they have a chance for parole. They shouldn’t be given a life sentence because they can’t get health care.† Those are the words of Rafael Maldonado, a council member from California, speaking about prisoners’ right to health care (Sterngold 71). The First Amendment states that all citizens are ensured to certainRead MoreShould Prisoners Have Rights?1617 Words   |  7 Pages Should Prisoners Have Rights? Prisoners should be granted privileges depending on the type of crime they committed. There’s different types of felonies that determine how long a prisoner is going to stay in prison. Violent crimes such as rape, armed robbery, and murder are most likely to get life sentences . Most prisoners have about the same amount of rights. There’s those prisoners who committed non-violent felonies/crimes but are serving life sentences. Prisoners who committed

Significant Health Care Event - 1225 Words

Significant Health Care Event Eugene Whitehead HCS/531 February 18, 2013 Ann Gantzer Science and technology have always been joined at the hip. The evolution of health care services in the United States (U. S.) undoubtedly has been shaped at least in part by advancements in scientific research and knowledge, and technological innovation (Shi amp; Singh, 2012). The following exploration focuses on ways a specific scientific or technological event or innovation affected health care provision in the U. S. to date. Health care is dynamic. Science and technology continue to prove themselves as important facilitators of the change processes that occur in health care. The scientific method and nursing process are just a few examples that†¦show more content†¦In 1955 more than 50% of American women who used birth control relied upon condoms (27%) and diaphragms (25%). A decade later, only five years after the pill was approved the numbers changed drastically, with 27% of American women using the pill, 18% using condoms, and 10% relying on diaphragms. Use of the pill continued to rise so that 36% of American women were using it by 1973 (Seigel-Watkins, 2012). Birth control affected health care evolution in many ways. Prevention and dominion over pregnancy provided women a type of freedom of choice inconceivable before 1960. As the use of birth control matured and health concerns began to surface a whole new avenue of research opened related to the correlation between use of the pill and emboli formation, heart attack, and stroke. An increase in medical malpractice claims and exorbitant product liability costs illustrated another negative aspect of contraceptive medicine’s impact on health care evolution. Citing limited opportunities for growth and profits pharmaceutical companies tinkered with lower dosages and estrogen-progestin combinations but did not invest in new birth control innovations during the 1970s and 1980s. However, the Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984 also called the Hatch-Waxman Act set the stage for expansion of the oral contraceptive marketplace. By 2007, that market was flooded with more than 90 brand-name and generic drugs. Also by this time theShow MoreRelatedSignificant Event in Health Care792 Words   |  4 PagesSignificant Health Care Event Linda B. Conner, RN, BSN HCS/531 October 13, 2014 Dale Mueller Significant Health Care Event The health care system in the United States has been growing and changing for years and will continue to do so for years to come. The one constant in the Unite States health care system is change and evolution through evaluations of those changes. If there had not been unrest with the level and provisions of care in the early 1970s Managed Care may have never been introducedRead MoreSignificant Health Care Event Essay957 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Significant Health Care Event There have been several events that have helped to change and mold health care throughout history in the United States. Some influences that have are significant to benefit Americans and stay on track with the needs of Americans include society, culture, finance, religion, politics, technology, health trends, environment, and population (Shi Singh, 2012) Significant Event’s Relation to Health Care In the year 2011 there were many reports in the media regardingRead MoreSignificant Health Care Event - Managed Care1489 Words   |  6 PagesSignificant Health Care Event - Managed Care Health care has grown and evolved over the centuries from haphazard treatment based on tradition and superstition that often times did more harm than good, to a system that is able to preserve life in situations where life was previously believed to be unsustainable as recently as just 50 years ago. The concept of managed health care began over 100 years ago as a means by which medical care could be provided to injured workers, but has undergone majorRead MoreSignificant Health Care Event Essay862 Words   |  4 Pagesquality health care to all the people irrespective of their race, age, sex, and class, is the main objective of an efficient health care system. The health care system has evolved in various preventive and promotional policies, programs and practices adopted by the United States health departments, in order to develop and improve the health of the people. A major reform has occurred in health care financing, which provides health care options in order to attain the un iversal health care coverageRead MoreSignificant Health Care Event Essay example1040 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Significant Health Care Event: Affordable Care Act Tiffany L. Boldon University of Phoenix Abstract The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) (ACA) or Obamacare is the most signification change the U.S. medical system since Medicare and Medicaid reform during the 1960’s. The Affordable Care Act or ACA is designed to ensure that all Americans have medical coverage. It gives those that were uninsured a means to now have health insurance, offers a more affordable coverage toRead MoreSignificant Event/Impact on Health Care Organizations: Managed Care1265 Words   |  6 PagesRunning Header: SIGNIFICANT EVENT/IMPACT ON HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATIONS: MANAGED CARE Significant Historical Event/Impact on Health Care Organizations: Managed Care Erich Hayman Monday, May 19, 2008 University of Phoenix HCS/530, Health Care Organizations Professor David A. Olsen, MHA Significant Historical Event/Impact on Health Care Organizations â€Å"By 1995, managed care plans had become the dominant form of health insurance and enrolled 73 percent of all Americans who wereRead MoreSignificamt Health Care Event Essay820 Words   |  4 PagesSignificant Health Care Event Violet Sowell HCS/ 531 Feburary 4, 2013 Regina Phelps Significant Health Care Event In the paper the topic to be discussed is a significant healthcare event. There are many events that have an impact on healthcare. The significant event that will be discussed in more detail is managed care. The main points to be discussed in further details are how managed care relates to the changes in health care, has managed care impacted the historical evolution of healthRead MoreSignificant Health Care Paper792 Words   |  4 PagesSignificant Health Care Event Krista Jex 531 August 19, 2013 Tracy Miller Significant Health Care Event Health care has been inclined by several significant events that have occurred throughout history. Change is the primary focus on what has shaped health care and continues to by pain of improvement, and to focus on the importance of our population and their needs. Though there are several influences politics, finance, culture, technology, health trends, and religions they all play a majorRead MoreThe Concept of Managed Healthcare810 Words   |  3 Pageselaborate preauthorization for all visits to the healthcare specialists. This must be done while improving the overall quality of care. This system is designed to effectively reduce all healthcare costs that are deemed unnecessary via a series of mechanisms such as economic incentives for the specialists and the patients being given the opportunity to select forms of care that are less costly. Other mechanisms are increased level of beneficiary cost sharing, establishment of various cost sharing mechanismsRead MoreHlt 314v Week 1 Com plete Assignment and Dqs1189 Words   |  5 Pagesallied health care profession and provide a description of the jobs and services provided by that profession. Research regulatory or professional organizations that serve the profession you chose, and describe an area in which the profession seeks to improve or expand. In what other ways might the profession grow to better serve the ever-changing health care population? HLT 314V WEEK 1 DISCUSSION 2 Select and describe one of the key factors that influenced the evolution of the U.S. health care delivery

Superhero Genre Essay Georgia Jury Putter free essay sample

Women from the superhero genre in the sass were all about being the Dam sell in Distress,but todays modern superhero genre seem to be about Femme Fatal e and the woman relying less on the man. Accept women are objective to always being t he Damsel in Distress or are highly sexualities to target the male audience as the superhero o genre does have a male skew, this is why we most commonly see the hero be very muscular nine and very dominant. Masculinity cannot exist without femininity. On its own,masculinity has no m meaning, because it is but one half of a set of power relations.Masculinity pertains to male doom once as femininity pertains to female subordination This is a statement from feminist Sheila Jeffrey which explains how the hero saves the Damsel in Distress from a perilous situation and the man can never be seen a s dominant without taking control. This has been rooted into our society that women are seen as being the weaker sex and have been untouched on in the superhero genre whereas the men are very masculine and look dominant to the female.Superhero sitcoms that show this is The Adventures of Captain Marvel:The cue rise of the Scorpion (1941 ) directed by William Whitney John English, Agent Carter (2015 created by Christopher Markus Stephen McNealy also Kim Possible (2002) created by M ark McCormick and Superwoman is getting her first movie in 2017. Damsel in Distress is one of two main representations of Women in the super hero genre, the D. I. D is placed in a life threatening situation in which she cannot escape on he r own so needs to be saved by the hero.She would usually be very intelligent also feminine accept she knows her own mind but usually remains a love interest that of to the hero. This is of importance to the genre because it shows the hero as being strong and tough avian the poor innocent helpless women. But what type of message is this SE ending to young girls that we need to rely on a male to save us and not actually stick up for our selves. This is roles of gender, specifically the women is the damsel in distress and is seen a s shy, obedient and feminine.This convention is shown in the character Betty Wallace from the Adventures of Captain Marvel, Betty didnt have much of an opinion and followed the orders that she was glen. Even when Betty tried to voice her opinions they were not listened to and had to be saved by the hero as she was in a life threatening situation. Another scenario where this convention is shown is the character Carter from Agent carter, Carter was only accepted to do administrative duties as the Men took the do maintain roles and dont accept women as being agents because it was set in the 1 940s1950s err a,this is when Men took charge.She was foreseen as a damsel in distress and they treated h err like she wasnt capable. The difference between Carter and Betty is that Carter has a voice and didnt give up on pursuing to become an agent,she didnt give in to the obedience most women obliged to and stuck up for herself and what she believes in. Carter becomes an undercover agent and doesnt give up on proving she is right whereas Betty just goes along with ha tavern the males say do and doesnt stick up for what she believes in.The significance of this is truly the most widely used gender ed cliche that women are just most commonly seen as Dad messes in Distress, Betty was only shown when she needed saving or was in a life threat engine situation. The effect of this convention is to make the hero look heroic, You most dont c molly see a female superhero saving a man because weve been given the idea that isnt RI twitch really is not gender equality. Audience expectations of this convention which as been core to the popularize action and development of the superhero genre is that a D. I.D will need to saved, this ATT races the male market as they get to look masculine also be the big hero whereas the women n kick weaker, this helps to sell the genre because in reality Men and Young Boys enjoy Loki nag masculine also appearing as the dominant gender. The importance of this convention impacts society through Feminism because e the superhero genre sends a message to young girls and women that we need to rely on a m el hero to save us and not actually stick up for ourselves, because in reality we have to b e our own hero as no can save us. But in a Masculine world theyre always seen as the domino ant gender and more empowered.These issues would be reflected by the director because in the sasss asss era it was time of the working man who provided for their familial sees whereas the women would stay at home and look after the children ,clean or just do at ho me duties. The effects of this in the early superhero genre women were more untouched on and was mostly just about the hero and saving the day. The Hero represents the ideals of masculinity, most of the time. They uphold t he ideals that society deems good and what is right in the world. Theyre almost exclusively aligned with the government and their costume is usually bright or bold.They represent all the at is right in the world. This is of importance to the genre because without the hero there would be n o superhero genre,it gives people a sense of hope because the hero is trying to do good of r the greater mankind. This convention is shown in the Disney character Jim Possible from the cartoon TV rise on Disney channel. Jim was the first female superhero I saw that saved the world from Super Villains and had a male as a sidekick, Ron Stoppable who was the side k kick was almost like the Damsel in Distress as he always needed saving. This was differ .NET than the usual Masculine hero saves the Feminine women.Another famous superhero where this convention is shown is Wonder Women n, she has been the most famous heroine of all time also been a feminist icon since 1941. Yet, even though Wonder Women has had one Of the most gross selling comic books Of all time and even her wan TV series she is the only one out of the justice league who hasnt had her own movie. The difference between Kim Possible and Wonder Women is Kim was recognize zed as a strong independent hero and is the first female hero to have a sidekick specifically a male,Kim was a role model for younger girls and the younger generation.Although wonder w Oman was so popular she is still seen as the least important in the Justice League because t he male gender seem to be more dominant. The significance of this is that as the superhero g inner changes over time Women are more accepted to being a hero, Wonder Women is even eating her first movie in 2017 thi s is because society is started to change and more women a re edging for womens rights, what broader way to send that message than Wonder Women n have her own movie and appealing for the female audience over male. This is breaking the c lichen that women are only ever the Damsel in Distress and finally starting to show gene err equality. The audience expectations of this convention is that the Hero will save the dad y and all of greater mankind, Most of the audience usually attracts a male skew as most s upper heroes in the genre are male but as more female superheroes start evolving this will give women a sense Of empowerment and more feminist icons to look up to.The impact of this convention on society through gender equality because the superhero genre is starting to recognize female heroes and are playing equal parts to the e male, Jim possible is a prime example of a role model to young girls as she had to deal with typical pressure of school, family and social life also fighting the world. Kim is for see n as an independent young women which isnt usually done for women in the supers ere genre.

A Critical Analysis and Comparison Between Come, My Celia and To His Coy Mistress Essay Example

A Critical Analysis and Comparison Between Come, My Celia and To His Coy Mistress Paper Ben Jonson was born around June 11, 1572, the posthumous son of a clergyman. He was educated at Westminster School by the great classical scholar William Camden and worked in his stepfathers trade, bricklaying. The trade did not please him in the least, and he joined the army, serving in Flanders. He returned to England about 1592 and married Anne Lewis on November 14, 1594. Andrew Marvell was born in Yorkshire, on March 31st 1621. He travelled abroad writing poems until 1950 when Marvell became the tutor of twelve-year-old Mary Fairfax (later Duchess of Buckingham.) Around this time Marvell wrote To His Coy Mistress and many other famous poems. During his last twenty years of life, Marvell was engaged in political activities, taking part in embassies to Holland and Russia. Marvells poems were printed in 1681. Marvell died on 16th August 1678 of tertian ague. He was buried in the church of St. Giles-in-the-Fields. In Come, My Celia we gain an insight into an unequal partnership where love seems unimportant where as in To His Coy Mistress the couple are obviously in love. Come My Celia was written to try and woo a member of the opposite sex. This is quite obvious in the first couplet. Come, my Celia, let us prove, whilst we may, the sports of love(Lines 1 2). These rhymes that are used in the opening couplet are underlying the philosophy Carpe Diem or Seize the Day as some of us are more aware of. The poem is in the form of couplets with each set of lines rhyming. Jonson uses a variety of persuasive techniques throughout the poem. A number of times Jonson hints that any antics in the bedroom will be strictly lust not love Why should we defer our joys?(Line 9). He calls fame and rumour toys, trying to persuade Celia that they could just ignore the aftermath of any sexual encounter they had, as though making love means nothing to him. When Jonson writes, Cannot we delude the eyes of a few household spies? he is trying to say to Celia that they will not get caught. They will be able to avoid the eyes of a few household spies, the neighbours. Throughout this poem you can tell from the language that it is a very persuasive poem, the poet asks a lot of questions in it. The language throughout is old fashioned and as I have mentioned persuasive techniques are obvious. We will write a custom essay sample on A Critical Analysis and Comparison Between Come, My Celia and To His Coy Mistress specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on A Critical Analysis and Comparison Between Come, My Celia and To His Coy Mistress specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on A Critical Analysis and Comparison Between Come, My Celia and To His Coy Mistress specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Andrew Marvells To His Coy Mistress is a passionate, loving and free poem. It is the description of a man who has constantly been working hard at seducing a woman (his mistress). The character puts over a logical argument in order to persuade her to make love to him. It is written in a sarcastic and witty way that makes the reader wonder weather he is serious in his seduction towards her, if you please, refuse Till the converse of the Jews.(Lines 9 ; 10). He asks her if she will stay a virgin until the Jews converse, in other words, forever. This makes his mistress realise that she will lose her virginity in the end, so why not now, as it is not as extreme as changing religion. Only from the use of the word coy we gain a clear image to the type of woman his mistress is. From the title we know she is a shy, demure woman but with a coquettish side to her. She encourages his seduction to a certain point, but then when he gets too close, she backs off and seems apprehensive over her acti ons. The first stanza descriptively explains that his mistresss coyness would not be a crime if there had world enough, and time(Line 1). Marvell, or the subject whom the poem is written from, clearly thinks that it would be alright if they didnt make love if they had all the time in the world, but they dont! He compares his love to a vegetable my vegetable love should grow,(Line 11), the only difference being that vegetables cant have sex. It grows vaster than empires, (Line 12) meaning that their love is growing bigger than empires but at the same time they should make it complete by having sex. Many hyperboles are used to emphasise the mans love for his mistress, love You ten years before the flood, (Lines 7 ; 8) this clearly shows that he will love her forever no matter what happens in the mean time but it is exagerated. He claims he would happily spend a hundred years praising her eyes, and gazing at her forehead. As the main theme of this poem is sex, many physical references are made, such as two hundred to adore each breast. (Line15) The main purpose of the stanza is to compliment the mistress. He does this by using romantic exaggeration. He explains to his mistress how he truly cares for her enough to spend hundreds of years simply gazing at her. However, this leads to a problem, as there is simply not enough time available. To show how great it would be if they had enough time to waste, the quote walk and pass our long days/ by the Indian Ganges side (Lines 4 ; 5) exaggerates this as if they did have all the time in the world then they could waste it strolling around the countryside. In this stanza there are very few references to the personality and character of his mistress and this indicates that the poet is only interested in sex. The second stanza is very persuasive by using death images to represent time. It implies that there isnt enough time to do all the romantic things considered in the first stanza so they should go ahead and have sex. To illustrate the point of time running out, the lines I always hear/ times winged chariot hurrying near, (Line 22) this lets her know that time does have a way of marching on. Vivid imagery is used such as then worms shall try/ that long preserved virginity. (Lines 27 28) These lines seem a bit horrific but they are actually meant to further convince his mistress to have sex with him. He is telling her that if she continues to resist him, then it will be worms that remove her virginity from her, as opposed to someone who really cares about her, meaning him. He also reminds her that the honour that she is clinging so tightly to will mean nothing when the worms eat her. Further, his feelings for her may have gone. The vulgar and insulting images he uses such as then worms shall try/ that long preserved virginity, (Lines 27 28) are to shock his mistress into wanting to have sex with him because if she doesnt then she will have nothing to look forward too as she will no longer be desirable. The second stanza ends with the lines the graves a fine and private place, / But none I think do there embrace (Lines 31 ; 32) this ironic statement provides the final argument as it describes how the love they have is so strong that they must not let time slip through their fingers. Instead they should use the time they have left to clutch at the love in front of them and have sex. The message in this poem is that lovers, and us as the readers, should use the time we have been given to the best of our ability. The third and final stanza is about seizing the moment and pursuing physical love. This is the most powerful stanza as the mistress is asked to bed, while your youthful hue/ sits on thy skin like morning dew, (Lines 33 ; 34) he is complementing her by telling her that she is young and beautiful and therefore ready for sex. A simile is used to compare the man and his mistress to amrous birds of prey. This means that they are like birds, part of nature, and it is natural to have sex. Further statements are used to show the amazing imagery of their love such as, let us roll all our strength and all/ Our sweetness up into one ball, / And tear our pleasure with rough strife/ Through the iron gates of life. (Lines 41-44) This gives us a beautiful image of the passion between the lovers. The poem ends with Thus though we cannot make our sun/ Stand still, yet we will make him run. (Lines 45 ; 46) This means that they cannot make time stop stand still so they should use it before it runs out to make children. While the poem starts out with the aim of seduction, it ends with beauty imagery of their true love for each other. Both poems were written in an attempt to woo a member of the opposite sex. They both have the same idea but both poets use different approaches. They Both Jonson and Marvell have many similarities but there are individual characteristics that the authors display. For example, Marvell, being cynic includes much more description. Both poems it is clear that the man is the more dominant figure, this was common knowledge in both Marvell and Jonsons time. Men ruled the roost. Both poems use stanzas, with Marvell in particular using three very different stanzas to persuade the woman in three different ways, all three are very persuasive but using different imagery. Rhyming couplets are seen at the ends of every line in Marvells poem, which helps the poem read smoothly. Overall I like both poems and think that the imagery used in both of them is excellent.

Resource and environmental management of fire-adapted forests Essays

Resource and environmental management of fire-adapted forests Essays Resource and environmental management of fire-adapted forests Essay Resource and environmental management of fire-adapted forests Essay Resource and environmental management of fire-adapted forests Name: Institution: Lecturer: Course: Date: Resource and environmental management of fire-adapted forests Forests are a natural recourse whose conservation and replenishment is essential for the sustainability of the human race. The forest resource has been constantly at the risk of extinction resulting from the uncontrolled utilization of the resource. Forests are essential for the survival of civilization since they satisfy most of humanities essential needs. Many communities derive their income, food, medicine, energy and at times entire livelihoods purely from the forests. In addition, most of the global water catchments areas lie within global forested regions. Also, forests tend to create a balance in the delicate ecosystem. They form a basic source of the essential oxygen that supports all animal life in planet earth. This highly works in highlighting on how essential forest conservation efforts are. These mean survival for the current and future civilization and the entire life on planet earth. The nature conservancy is one of the institutions purposed with the task of management and restoration of environmental habitats around the globe. The institution is also concerned with researching and conducting restoration and conservancy efforts of the fire-adapted forests. The fire-adapted forests in the United States of America have undergone significant changes resulting from fire suppression, uncontrolled logging, and grazing. The above activities render these forests prone to cruel fire, insect and disease events. Activities such as mechanical thinning, prescribed fire and fuel treatment practices are some of the efforts currently aimed at restoring and conserving these essential resources. This paper researches on the essential topics that are important for consideration when creating an association between forest management and the science policy of carbon and climate change. The topics addressed by this paper for the facilitation of policy experts include: The underlying associations between forest management, carbon budget and discharge; The available management and investigation that the nature conservancy and other conservation institutions can put into consideration to guarantee the laid out projects attain pliability while controlling the threats created by climate change; and The various factors to put into consideration when assessing external research The underlying associations between forest management, carbon budget and discharge The current approach for the conservation of most of the global forests has mainly evolved from a land protection model that takes into account the expansive connection between private and public property partnerships. The utilization of these partnerships that the institutions advantage conservation results that is over and above their relevant reserve networks. The professional skills availed by science and policy serve to frame conservation institutions work that is beyond their borders. The appreciation of the scientific policy in line with the underlying global threats to forest biodiversity and incorporating partnerships in the mitigation of these threats is one of the essential threats of the conservation institutions. In line with this, the nature conservancy develops partnerships to facilitate forest resilience in fire-adapted ecosystems. The development of resilience strategies that are in conformity with the objectives of the partners, while at the same time carrying out the conservation of biodiversity is one of the active roles of the nature conservancy. Many of the stakeholders and interest groups are mounting pressure for the treatment of forests for hazard reduction outcomes. This is also reflected through the enactment of the healthy forest restoration act of 2003 that emphasizes on this approach aimed at setting up fuel reduction projects on public lands. Current debates concerning the effects of the current management practices in reducing carbon emissions question the reduction of carbon emission using restoration treatments. However, since the studied results pertain to mixed reactions, there is inherent difficulty in making clear conclusions regarding the role of forest treatments in the mitigation of long-term carbon emissions through the prevention of uncharacteristic forest fires. The present fuel reduction efforts also contribute to the release of carbon to the atmosphere through some of the prescribed fire and pile burning techniques. Additional measures such as disturbance of soil and the charring of the forest floor during thinning activities, ferrying and dispensation thinned trees, decomposition and blazing logging slash and additional biomass. To facilitate the differentiation of the present studies and results it is highly recommended that that there is a review and appreciation of the capacity and purpose of the study provided. In essence, study designs that take into account various sources of emissions and sink factors that are brought about by the treatments are more useful in providing information the enactment of policy considering the role of the treatment of forests in the effort of minimizing carbon emissions. This raises the need for the consideration of more factors that account for the entire life cycle of carbon. This will facilitate the reduction the present uncertainty concerning the results of forest management efforts in bringing about a reduction in carbon emissions. The analysis of the present researches highlights on the need of analyzing the carbon beyond the project location. The available management and investigation that the nature conservancy and other conservation institutions can put into consideration to guarantee the laid out projects attain pliability while controlling the threats created by climate change; The role of resilience treatments The global increase on carbon markets is facilitating the treatment proposals that are aimed at the setting of carbon-offset payments. This serves to creating change in the management of storing excess carbon or minimizing the risk of dangerous fires and additional loss of carbon retention. In the analysis of the underlying treatment designs, the conservation institutions including the nature conservancy and their extensive scope of practitioners that take interest in forest pliability need to recognize one important aspect. The activity of thinning as a sole conservative technique fails in effectively acting as a fuel treatment. To enhance effectiveness there is the need to put into consideration the combination with treatment of surface fuels undertaken through approved blazing, pile blazing or the use of wild land fire. When fire is not available, various stands that burned regularly with open structures have now transformed into dense vegetation with continuous canopies. This aspect renders them susceptible to crown fire. The latter is regarded as one of the fundamental cause of high intensity conflagrations that tend to beleaguer the western frontier of the United States of America. Effects of climate change on forests One of the most effective means of buffering ecosystems against the damaging effects of future climates is through the amplification of their resilience. Fire is a fundamental process on the formation of the historical landscape. The climate change affects various fire regimes through the increase in length of the normal fire season, increase in severity and continual droughts, an increase in the number and frequency of lightning ignitions and augmentation in the quantity of fuel and fuel continuity. With this respect, there is therefore the need for the nature conservancy and other environmental organizations to set the land in preparation of the underlying changes to result in minimal effects to the biota. This will highly work in the anticipation of additional all-embracing and uncontrollable fires in the future. The presence of fire exclusions for quite a considerable amount of time with forecasted climate change may work in the promotion of fires in the future that could end up severely changing the structure of the landscape in addition to its composition and function. These effects may continue to the point where there is an exhaustion of the available carbon stores. The types of restoration treatments that can be put into consideration by the various conservation organizations must put into account the fact that there will be a considerable change in fire regimes. This will result in making various efforts and techniques aimed at fuel treatment ineffective. There will therefore be an impediment to the design of restoration treatments during the motion of the fire regimes and the subsequent preferred stand conditions since they are rendered a target in motion. In addition, most effective fuel treatment techniques take different forms depending on the type of the forest and the underlying spatial context. No treatment method that is effective on all the various types of forests exists. The conservation institutions ought to comprehend the processes involved in the occurrence of the shifts. These interested parties are then to assign preferred forecasted conditions that then develop and closely control and monitor the restoration treatments that will result in the reduction of the damaging effects of high-severity fire. The same institutions are to make certain that post-fire landscapes depict ecologically viable patterns and composition. Various landscape-scale projects incorporate the methodology of the nature conservancy conservation action planning in the association of the phenomena of altering fire regimes with the goals and objectives of the treatment procedure. This adoption works in highly enabling the development and evaluation of forest restoration treatments that optimally enable mangers to put into action, control and adapt through the utilization of a long-term plan purposed for the health and resilience of the ecosystem. The various factors to put into consideration when assessing external research When analyzing past research on how the process of thinning affects carbon stocks and wildfire emissions, there develops an importance for the evaluation of the underlying types and intensities resulting from harvesting practices that are realized by the study design. If the study is purely a modeling exercise that involves the use of numerical reductions in forest canopy, the study may end up failing in indicating the realistic image of thinning being practiced in the field aimed at reinstituting the health of the forest. At the same time, resilience thinning may fail in working as a stand management procedure for carbon. The thinning prescriptions ought to reflect the acceptable dynamic processes such as the aspect of natural patch establishment, prevalent disease outbreaks and pest attacks and characteristic fire. These are not to be characterized by simply setting up numeric associations of the biomass reduction. The above could lead to a failure in capturing the realistic aspects and adverse effects of the resilience-based practices. Only minimal documented cases exist that indicate the ability of pairing of the simulations with the realistic implementation of projects. This is specifically when it entails the tracking of the carbon stores before and after fire. These take into account the sources of the fire emissions and the black carbon. The dead sinks are also included in the studies. On the other hand a wide range of literature regarding the effects of fire and decay rates. However, it is only until recently that the controlled and empirical studies made considerable impact on the scientific community. One such research is that of the Fire and Fire Surrogate Study. Others include the Sierra Nevada Adaptive Management Project and the Teakettle Experimental Forest. The above studies tend to bring about three substantial benefits to the scientific community. One is the ability to indicate comparison of the various silvicultural methods that aim to alleviate fire hazard in common forest types that have been characterized by recurrent low to average fire regimes in terms of intensity, in the past. Secondly, the studies are able to indicate a comparison of the underlying costs and linked benefits that are associated with fuel treatment procedures. Thirdly, these studies facilitate the comparison of models between the ground treatments and the practical measurements on the field. One research approach that is relied upon by the scientific community is the utilization of life cycle assessment approaches that put into consideration the underlying carbon stores and related benefits that result from fuel treatment. One disadvantage inherent to the methodology of the life cycle assessment technique is they end up being too time intensive. This methodology has an inherent value since it takes into account the fuel treatment products from the time they are initiated into the field to the time their effects seem to diminish completely. The adoption of a life cycle approach for comparing fuel treatments and the underlying benefits realized by the approach raises the need for clarity of the domain boundaries form the onset of the research. This is because forests act as systems that give feedback that tend to highly influence carbon responses to actions. It is therefore imperative to define clearly the limitations of the controls evidenced by a realistic carbon project. A project that takes into account a life cycle approach ought to indicate definitive boundaries in terms of space and time. It is also imperative to determine whether the life cycle lies in line to the standards set by the International Standards Organization (ISO). References Abella, S.R., Fule, P.Z. and W. W. Covington. (2006). Diameter Caps for Thinning Southwestern Ponderosa Pine Forests: Viewpoints, Effects, and Tradeoffs. Journal of Forestry. 407-414. Agee, J.K. and C.N. Skinner. (2005). Basic principles of forest fuel reduction treatments. Forest Ecology and Management 211:83-96. Agarwal, B. (2001). Participatory exclusions, community forestry, and gender, an analysis for South Asia and a conceptual framework. World Development 29, 1623-1648. Agrawal, A. (2007). Forests, governance, and sustainability, common property theory and its contributions. International Journal of the Commons 1, 111-136. Baker, J.M. (1998). The effect of community forest structure on social forestry outcomes, insights from Chota Nagpur, India. Mountain Research and Development 18, 51-62. Biswell, H.H. (1989). Prescribed burning in California wildland vegetation management. University of California Press, Berkeley, California, USA. Dearden, P., Mitchell, B. (2009). Environmental change and challenge: A Canadian perspective. Don Mills, Ont: Oxford University Press. Shindler, B., P. List, and B. Steel. (1993). Managing federal forests: public attitudes in Oregon and nationwide. J. of For. 91(7):36-42. Shindler, B., B. Steel, and P. List. (1996). Public judgments of adaptive management: a response from forest communities. J. of For. 94(6):4-12. Simon, H.A. (1956). Rational choice and the structure of the environment. Psychological Review 63(2):129-138. Stankey, G. (1995). The pursuit of sustainability: Joining science and public choice. The George Wright Forum 12(3):11-18. Stankey, G. and B. Shindler. (1997). Adaptive management areas: achieving the promise, avoiding the peril. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rept. PNW-GTR-394. 21 pp. Steel, B., P. List, and B. Shindler. (1994). Conflicting values about federal forests: a comparison of national and Oregon publics. Society and Natural Resources 7:137-153.

Inventory Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Inventory - Assignment Example Both the goods and invoice were received in early 19X3, with the invoice being re ­corded at that time. (b) The above errors had an overall effect of overstating the balance of owner’s equity as at December 31, 19X2. In the first error, it is assumed that only the purchases journal was wrongly entered. The effect of understating cost is to an understatement of cost of goods sold, hence overstating the net income, which is part of owner’s equity. The ownership of goods purchased on F.O.B terms revert to the buyer immediately the seller delivers them to the port of delivery. It is therefore assumed that the goods were already on transit by the end of business on December 31, 19X2. Therefore the exclusion of this transaction had no effect on the cost of goods sold since it was neither included as purchases nor closing inventory. It will only affect the value of inventory in the balance sheet with no effect and accounts payable or cash. There is no effect on owner’s equity. Excluding $3,000 from the closing inventory in 19X1 means that the cost of goods sold was understated with the ending result being an overstatement of net income, hence owner’s equity. Since the amount was not included in 19X2, it means that sales revenue was recognized on these goods with no corresponding

Quality and Service Improvements Lead to Enhanced Company Revenues and Essay

Quality and Service Improvements Lead to Enhanced Company Revenues and Higher Margins - Essay Example Do quality and service improvements related efforts add cost to the production operations, or does it cut down wastage, improve product appeal and thus generate greater revenues Disjointed quality related efforts add expenses and do not contribute extra profits to the bottom line. Where as sincere efforts with active participation of all layers of an enterprise can rejuvenate and reinvigorate the entire organization and provide commendable competitive advantage. Having said all this we need to know what exactly quality is as identification of quality would result in its improvement and thus increase revenues. Literally quality originates from the Latin word 'qualis' which can be translated as 'such as the thing really is'. Quality has various meanings and each has a depth within itself. Before starting of with how quality and service results in enhanced profits we will identify what actually quality is and how various gurus have identified quality as. Quality itself has been defined as the ongoing process of building and sustaining relationships by assessing, anticipating, and fulfilling stated and implied needs.' (Winder, Richard E. and Judd, Daniel K., 1996, organizational orienteering: Linking Deming, Covey, and Senge in an Integrated Five Dimension Quality Model). Quality is all about conformance to requirements or fitness for use which can be defined through five principal approaches: (1) Transcendent quality is an ideal, a condition of excellence. (2) Product-based quality is based on a product attribute. (3) User-based quality is fitness for use. (4) Manufacturing-based quality is conformance to requirements. (5) Value-based quality is the degree of excellence at an acceptable price. Also, quality has two major components: (1) quality of conformance-quality is defined by the absence of defects, and (2) quality of design-quality is measured by the degree of customer satisfaction with a product's characteristics and features. (http://scrc.ncsu.edu/public/d efinitions.html). Quality management enhances an organization's profits and gets them greater margins. The importance of quality can be seen by the fact that we as customers never want to associate our selves with a bad quality product. That can be with respect to: Performance Features Reliability Durability Conformance Serviceability Responsiveness Competence communication Credibility Access security Aesthetics Perceived quality This not only results in you never availing that service or product but spreading the word around to others you concerned with. This obviously affects the sales of the product or service causing problems for the organization. Goodman et al. (2000), based on a range of studies carried out by TARP (Technical Assistance Research Programs), states: Quality and service improvements can be directly and logically linked to enhanced revenue within one's own company; and secondly, higher quality allows companies to obtain higher margins. These arguments were proven by various surveys which resulted in the following conclusions which prove the relation of quality and service improvements to the revenues and profits of the organization. (Source: CMC Partnership Ltd. (1991)) - Problems decrease customer loyalty by 15 per cent to 30 per cent: - 50 per cent of individual consumers and 25 per cent of business customers who have problems never complain

The same positive comments could not be made concerning the employment of black women Essay Example for Free

The same positive comments could not be made concerning the employment of black women Essay This was a major exclusion, for Rosie the Riveter was just as likely to be black as white. Of the one million additional black workers who joined the labor force during the war, 600,000 were female, and much has now been written concerning this group of workers. Qualitative changes were, though, marginal. The raise in the number of black women workers in manufacturing was half that of black males, and most of the gains came late in the war and particularly occupational areas. Most of the new jobs were in greatly male areas of work, outstandingly the foundries and shipyards; advances for African Americans in customary categories of female employment were negligible. The utmost area of employment for black women was still the service sector, but there was a shift from private domestic service to public service. The failure of black house servants was much bemoaned: one white Alabaman recalled her black servant giving up her employment for $15 per week to earn $100 per month in the torpedo factory. In such instances it might be said that if Lincoln freed the Negroes from cotton picking †¦ Hitler was the one that got us out of the white folks kitchens. On the whole, however, as Karen Anderson accurately suggests, rather than a Second Emancipation what is significant about the war experience for black women is the degree to which barriers remained intact. 10 One of the most significant and liberating consequences of the war for black women and men alike was the movement of population. As one black woman recalled that during the war we got a chance to go places we had never been able to go before, another spoke for various Americans regardless of race when she said, The impact of the war changed my life, gave me an opportunity to leave my small town and discover there was another way of life. Of course, African Americans had experienced a Great Migration during World War I, and the emigration from the South had quickened in the 1920s. Throughout the Depression the number of African Americans leaving the former Confederate states fell from 749,000 between 1920 and 1930 to 400,000 in the thirties. In that sense, the movement of half a million blacks, (17 per cent of black Southerners as opposed to only 3 per cent of whites) during World War II was simply a resumption of the pre-Depression trends. In the period after World War II, resistance to racial stratification and racial exclusion became major political issues. Anti-colonial and civil rights movements fought for national independence and democracy more severely than ever before. They challenged the expropriation of southern resources land, labor, and primary goods by the northern metropoles. They required an end to the political dominance and exclusion that had differentiated colonial rule and racial subjection. They questioned political practices and global social structures that had suffered for centuries. These opposition movements were color-conscious, but they were usually not racially homogeneous. Indeed, anti-racist movements could typically count on a varied assortment of allies. Of course, consciousness of race and racism counted; had not the colonial and slavery-based regimes that initiate movements for racial justice also been color-conscious? This dawning anti-racist politics took diverse forms and emphasized different issues in the various settings where it emerged. Often anti-racist mobilizations overlapped with labor movements—socialist, collective, or simply trade unionist—in their condemnations of the conditions under which colored labor was presented for utilization in the former colonies as well as the metropoles. These anti-racist movements were largely harmonious with democratic ones: they condemned the old forms of political prohibiting as dictatorial, inconsistent with the libertarian and participative rhetoric that the mother countries, the winners (generally) of the recent global conflict had claimed they were fighting to protect. The global anti-racist challenge also called into question whole panoply of normal cultural icons: long established artistic, linguistic, scientific, and even thoughtful verities were revealed to be extremely problematic racially. And beyond all this, on an entirely practical level the anti-racist movements of the postwar world drew on general experiences. Millions could recognize with their political demands—most particularly those who had undergone military mobilization followed by become disillusioned return to a segregated or colonized homeland. Movement adherents and activists not simply remembered the democratic ideals they had fought for, but also sought to apply those ideals to the anti-colonial and anti-racist norms they met at home. Wartime experience gained in resisting the Axis powers translated moderately directly into national liberation and democratic movements as veterans were demobbed: in South Carolina or Vietnam, in South Africa or Indonesia, in Senegal, France, or Trinidad. The anti-racist and anti-colonial movements that sprang up all over the postwar world attained a recently transnational character, as growing northern labor demand and southern poverty sparkled widespread migration to the worlds metropolis. The world had been transformed by the war, and was enduring significant changes in the wars aftermath. The result was a strong enthusiasm, an influential summons, to complete the democratizing work begun a century before with slaverys abolition. Demographically, socioeconomically, politically, culturally, there was a worldwide break with the usual practices and established institutions of white supremacy. The racially based democratic movements that arose with this rupture demanded a series of social and political reforms from nationwide governments around the world. These ranged from decolonization to deferred enfranchisement and the granting of formal citizenship rights, from the delegitimation of state-enforced (de jure) racial isolation to the creation and completion of a politics of recognition 11 that attempted to valorize such norms as multiculturalism. These reforms were finally undertaken, although unequally; they were implemented, but less than thoroughly. Still, although framed in uncertain and sometimes incongruous ways, a great wave of racial reforms swept over the world in the postwar decades, notably from the sixties on. By the end of that turbulent decade, the descendants of slaves and ex colonials had forced as a minimum the partial taking apart of most official forms of discrimination and empire. In great numbers they had left their native reserves and isolated communities, migrating not simply to their countries urban centers but overseas to the metropoles from which they had been ruled for centuries. They had begun to participate in the limited but real new political and economic opportunities on offer in numerous national settings (notably in the northern, post-imperial countries). In those countries where relentless racist and dictatorial regimes still held sway, movements for racial equality and inclusion were revitalized by the successes achieved elsewhere, redoubled their activities in the seventies and after, and ultimately won democratic reforms as well. And yet the break was curtailed. The rupture with the white supremacist past was not—and could not be—total. in spite of these epochal developments— decolonization, the performance of new civil rights laws, the undoing of long standing racial dictatorships, and the acceptance of cultural policies of a universalistic character—the global racial order entered a new period of volatility and tension in the last decades of the twentieth century. Though enigmatic and unjust, the racial categorization and racial hierarchization of the world was a deeply recognized sociohistorical fact. No popular movement, no series of political reforms, no encounter with the moral negligence implicit in the comprehensive racism of the modern epoch, would have been enough to undo or remove it. Still, reform was preferable to in force or intransigence, even if it was also inadequate to the task of undoing the varied legacies of centuries of racial hierarchy, exploitation, and exclusion. With retrospection we can see that the various movements for inclusion and democracy would simply be partially satisfied by the reforms they could achieve. We can understand today, better than we could in the heat of political struggle, why these movements found it hard to sustain their impetus in the aftermath of reform. Most centrally, racial domination was still very much present in the reform process: the diverse states and elites that had been tackled by anti-racist opposition demonstrated their capability to withstand it by incorporating it, at least in part. In the result of such transformations—which were the very heart and soul of the break, the real meaning of attaining racial equality, of overcoming the heritage of racism, became controversial. What Du Bois had theorized approximately a century earlier as â€Å"the veil† the weird membrane of racial division that traversed both societies and individuals proved difficult to lift 12. And was its lifting even desirable? In a situation where significant racial inequality and injustice continued, where both identities and institutions still bore the indelible mark of centuries of racial domination, the claim that racism had now at last been remedied would certainly ring hollow. The veil might well survive half-hearted, symbolic, or co-optative gestures at removing it. Though many blacks remained in the South, a substantial number still moved from the country to the city as a result of the further disintegration of sharecropping and the increase of job opportunities elsewhere. The intensifying urbanization of southern blacks contributed to a breakdown in traditional race relations and, with the wider effects of the war, formed a mood of change. Jo Ann Robinson, for example, recalled that the Womens Political Council began in Montgomery, Alabama, in 1946 after the arrest of people challenging isolation on the buses. By 1955, we had members in every elementary, junior high, and senior high school, and in federal, state, and local jobs. 13. Therefore the foundations of the Montgomery bus boycott could be said to have been laid in the postwar era. Other proof of the new black mood in the South could be seen in the 10 per cent rise in the number registered to vote. Urged on by the Supreme Courts decision against the all-white primary in Smith v. Allwright in 1944 (the culmination of the NAACP campaign which began in 1923), African Americans in Mississippi, Louisiana, Georgia, Virginia, and South Carolina organized voter register drives and other political campaigns. Such campaigns were often led by or implicated returning servicemen, a group that has been seen as having a momentous role in shaping the new postwar mood of black Americans. Nothing so summarized the ambivalence of wartime experience for blacks as military service, and the history of African Americans in the armed forces persists to be a subject of great interest. The permutation of political pressures and the practical demands of winning the war helped convey about a considerable shift in military policy. The protection of segregation was declared to be official policy in 1940, and at a conference for the black press in 1941 in Washington, D. C. , War Department officials persisted that the military would not act as a sociological laboratory. Though, in practice segregation proved to be inefficient, not viable in some areas, and clearly harmful to black morale. In one example George Flynn pointed out, The armed forces could not build their Jim Crow facilities fast enough to cope with the inevitable operations of the drafts selection by numbers, and so slowed the recruitment of black servicemen 14. The incapability to provide segregated recreational facilities for all those in camps led to the beginning of an open access policy in 1944. Conflict over transportation between Southern military bases and neighboring towns led to the overture of a first-come, first served service with no segregation the same year. The most essential departures were, of course, those that came in the Navy and in the Army during the Battle of the Bulge. By the end of the war more than one million African Americans had served in diverse branches of the military. Despite the changes there can be little doubt that for many armed service was a bitter and disenchanting experience. Despite such comments, though, a recent study of the attitudes of black servicemen suggests that a much higher percentage of blacks than whites (41 per cent to 25 per cent) predictable to be better off as a result of their service, and that for many black soldiers service were an eye opening experience. Really, as one soldier wrote, black soldiers fight because of the opportunities it will make probable for them after the war. How are we to explain this obvious disagreement between the attitudes of black servicemen and their experiences? It appears that whatever the limitations and undoubtedly there were many—military service gave numerous African Americans a modicum of self-respect and often give training and skills. Service outside the South or even overseas (in Britain, for instance) provided a first taste of parity which could have a lasting effect. John Modell and his associates have shown that black veterans were twice as likely to have moved to a different region after the war as whites, and by 1947 it was estimated that 75,000 black veterans had left the South. There is also evidence of attitudinal change: Modell suggests that the impact of military service influenced the structure of [black] aspirations in a way that contributed to their unwillingness to accept the prewar structure of racial dominance. 15 Aspirations in a way that put in to their unwillingness to recognize the prewar structure of racial dominance. ‘A former member of a black tank crew expressed this more obviously when he said, After the close of hostilities, we just kept on fighting. Its just that simple. There was much left to fight for. though many white Americans supported racial change, the professional and demographic changes affecting African Americans almost always met with some confrontation from whites, mainly in the South. Of course attempts to keep Negroes in their place in the South were not new—they were often obvious amid the uncertainty and economic antagonism of the Depression years—but they reached new levels and were perhaps even more widespread during the war years. The Rankins, Bilbos, and Talmadges were enthusiastic in their defense of white supremacy, and challenges to the color line were often met with violence. Pete Daniel lists six civilian riots, above twenty military riots and mutinies, and between forty and seventy-five lynchings occurring all through the war 16. As Mark Ethridge, first chairman of the Fair Employment Practices Committee and a Southerner, declared, All the armies of the world could not force southerners to end isolation 17 Of course, the very fact of heightened white confrontation was a sign that things were changing. In innumerable ways white Americans were encountering blacks in new roles at work, in cities north and south, in politics, and in the armed services. numerous did not like it. A theme which had its origins in the 1930s and which would achieve greater strength in the postwar era was already evident, specifically the charge that those demanding developments in Americas civil rights were the crackpots, the communists, the parlor pinks of the country. ‘The more extensive mood, however, recognized the hypocrisy of fighting for freedom abroad as denying it to African Americans at home. Even Frank Dixon, the former governor of Alabama, recognized that the Huns have wrecked the theory of the master race. As President Truman declared in his message to Congress in February 1948, the world place of the United States now necessitated action in race relations. Trumans record on civil rights is still much debated. For the majority historians his actions appeared more representative than real, calculated to gain the black vote and yet not estrange the white South. Despite their limitations Trumans actions marked important new initiatives which set the program for future reform. It could be argued that the failure to turn principles into practice and deliver substantive change added to the aggravation which was to explode in the mid-1950s. Certainly any optimistic view of the postwar period has to be qualified. The occurrence of racial violence in both North and South must not be ignored: Arnold Hirsch points out, for example, that in Chicago 46 black homes were attacked between 1944 and 1946 and a total of 485 racial incidents were reported to the Chicago Housing Association between 1945 and 1950 18. But Hirsch also points to a significant change in mood and belief among African Americans in Chicago, and it is clear that the response of both blacks and whites to postwar racial conflict was affected by wartime experiences and Americas position in international affairs. Regardless of what the reservations, the catalogue of racial progress made throughout the 1940s, from the Fair Employment Practices Committee through to the beginning of integration in the armed forces, the establishing of a civil rights committee, and a series of Supreme Court decisions against favoritism in higher education and housing, coupled with employment gains, encouraged a mood of both optimism and determination among African Americans. At one point or another in U. S. history, thirty-eight states have passed anti miscegenation laws. In some instances, couples were factually roused from their bed and arrested. In 1959, one such case involved a husband and wife from the state of Virginia. Richard Perry Loving, a white man, and Mildred Jeter, a woman of African and Native American descent, had gainned a legal marriage in neighboring Washington, D. C. Believing they had not broken the law since they had taken their marriage vows in Washington, the two were impolitely surprised when they were awakened and arrested in the middle of the night for violating the state of Virginia’s anti-miscegenation laws. Unbeknownst to them, the state law integrated a decree that disallowed Virginia couples to marry across racial lines out of state and then return to Virginia to reside. The Virginia judge in the Loving case was a brutal defender and enactor of anti-miscegenation legislation. Over and above stating the fact that Virginia state law forbade whites and blacks from intermarrying, the judge reasoned that this decision reflected God’s intentions. â€Å"Almighty God created the races white, black, yellow, Malay, and red, and he placed them on separate continents. And but for the intrusion with his arrangement there would be no cause for such marriages. The fact that he separated the races shows that he did not intend for the races to mix† 19. The Lovings were given the choice of either leaving the state for twenty-five years or serving a prison sentence 20. This decision was just one in a long list of cases in which antimiscegenation legislation was upheld by state supreme court decisions. However, despite still comparatively high levels of social disapproval, increasing numbers of Americans have started interracial relationships. Several structural and cultural reasons put in to this increase in cross-racial couplings. The first and foremost legal influence is the 1967 Supreme Court decision to overturn the Loving v. Commonwealth of Virginia decree and overthrow laws that made interracial marriage a crime. Sixteen states still had anti-miscegenation legislation in 1967. An increase in interracial marriages followed the Loving verdict that repealed this legislation. A â€Å"biracial baby boom† began shortly subsequently. Close to fifty thousand children were born to black/white, interracial marriage partners in nineties alone 21. The legalization of interracial marriage approved people all across the United States the legal authorize to marry whomever they choose (assuming they were heterosexual). With this decision, interracial marriage could no longer be viewed as unusual behavior. Deviant behavior itself was touted throughout the decade of the sixties. Protests from sit-ins to draft card burnings flourished all through that era. Tradition was suspect. Many of the youth of the day came to the conclusion that following the status quo had produced both domination at home and abroad. Civil rights, anti-war, and Black Nationalist protests takes in the sixties. The Civil Rights Movement, culminating with the Civil Rights Act (1964) and the Voting Rights Act (1965), resulted in equality under the law for blacks and other racial minorities. Protests against the Vietnam War revealed that it is excessively the poor and minorities in America who bleed in U. S. wars. The Black Nationalist movement turned racism on its head with shouts of â€Å"black is beautiful! † Spurred by aggravation at demands not met by the Civil Rights Movement, advocates of black independence gained wide support throughout the African American community in the late sixties and early seventies. Movement leaders, inspired by Malcolm X, adopted the name â€Å"black† in place of â€Å"Negro. † Malcolm X evidently differentiated between the Negro who â€Å"apologizes for his black skin† and has a â€Å"begging attitude† and the proud black man who, to a certain extent than apologizing, sees himself as â€Å"part of the vast majority [of the world] who outnumber whites, and therefore [do not] have to beg the white man for anything 22. Black nationalists demanded, rather than implored for equal rights. Black pride was manifest in the coronation of Robin Gregory as homecoming queen at Howard University in 1967. Traditionally, homecoming queens at Howard were students who came close to typifying the European style and fashion of female beauty. Most were light-skinned, with straightened hair and European features. Robin Gregory was a black activist who wore her hair in an Afro. Her election as Howard’s homecoming queen was a â€Å"pivotal point† in the history of the university. A student-led drive to transform Howard into a symbol of black pride broke forth at the coronation. Shouts of â€Å"Black Power! † spread throughout the packed auditorium as Gregory was revealed the winner of the homecoming queen election 23. Blackness, rather than whiteness, became Howard’s symbol of beauty. While many other and varied stabbings on authority and tradition took place after the Civil Rights Movement peaked, it was the successes of the Movement that encouraged the latter challenges to the status quo. The Civil Rights Movement was a watershed. The roots of the current revolution of black-white racial identity can be traced back to it. On the structural level, legislation was enacted throughout that era that encouraged the treatment and discernment of blacks as equal to whites. Culturally, the turbulence and protests of the late fifties and sixties throws in to an atmosphere in which interracial marriages and their biracial offspring were increasingly accepted by normal white America. As the sixties progressed, and Civil Rights protests were both convoyed and then followed by the War on Poverty, the Vietnam War, widespread experimentation with drugs, and sexual freedom, Americans began to turn inward. They were forced to confront defeat in both the domestic and the foreign war and frequent social upheaval at home. Throughout the seventies, individualism and interest group politics were spawned. â€Å"The Black liberation movement, the women’s movement, the lesbian and gay movements, and others that emerged in the fifties, sixties, and seventies were part of a new tradition that embraced an ‘identity oriented paradigm’† 24. Identity-focused politics overwhelmed U. S. culture. It was out of these movements that today’s multiculturalism was born. Prior to the subsistence of multiculturalism, there was little debate on how biracial persons must identify themselves. Black nationalists opposed interracial marriages. Many professed a black person marrying across the color line as a denial of blackness. In turn many African Americans, embracing â€Å"black pride,† maintained that the offspring of these parents must embrace their black heritage and identify with it completely. Meanwhile, whites continued to presume that if anyone had a black parent they were de facto black. Biracial Americans were ethnically defined by both blacks and whites as simply black. Today, though, racial identity is neither so promptly nor so easily defined. Just as the protests of the sixties challenged custom and encouraged interracial relationships, multiculturalism has expectant the affirmation of all racial combinations. Noted psychologists and psychiatrists have come â€Å"to the opinion that for a person of mixed ancestry to abandon one or the other parent’s identity [is] to detract from a clear racial identity. † Biracial support groups â€Å"came into existence in the early eighties on the explicit premise that both Black and non-Black identities [are] necessary to the well-being of both interracial marriages and their offspring† 25. The result is that biracial Americans no longer have an obvious racial identity. Lots of older children of interracial marriages cling to the belief that, in our racially divided society, the only healthy way a biracial person can racially recognize is as black. On the other hand, a rising number of younger biracial Americans are opting to recognize both sides of their racial heritage. References: References: 1. Bouvier Leon F. Peaceful Invasions: Immigration and Changing America. Lanham, Md. : (University Press of America, 1992). 49. 2. Marger Martin N. Race and Ethnic Relations. Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth Publishing Company, 1994. 3. Mills Candy. (Editorial) Interrace. (December 1994/ January 1995), p. 2. 4. Russell Buchanan, Black Americans in World War II, (New York, 1977) 35. 5. Richard Dalfiume, The Forgotten Years of the Negro Revolution, (Journal of American History, LV, June 1968), 6 6. Josh White, Defense Factory Blues', Opportunity, (July— September 1944), 143. 7. August Meier and Elliott Rudwick, The Origins of Nonviolent Direct Action in Afro American Protest: A Note on Historical Discontinuities, in Along the Color Line: Explorations in the Black Experience, Urbana, Ill., Chicago, and London, 1976, 345. 8. Sitkoff, Harvard, Racial Militancy and Interracial Violence in the Second World War, (Journal of American History, LVIII, 3, December 1971). 9. Sybil Lewis, in Harris et al. , The Home Front, 251. 10. Karen T. Anderson, Last Hired, First Fired: Black Women Workers during World War II, (Journal of American History, LXIX, 1, June 1982). 35 11. Taylor, Charles, et al. Multiculturalism and The Politics of Recognition. (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992), 31. 12. Du Bois, W. E. B. The Talented Tenth. In Booker T. Washington et al. The Negro Problem: A Series of Articles by Representative American Negroes of To-Day. (Miami: Mnemosyne, 1969 [1903]), 172. 13. Jo Ann Robinson in Henry Hampton and Steven Fayer, eds. , Voices of Freedom: An Oral History of the Civil Rights Movement from the 1950s through the 1980s, (New York, 1990), 22. 14. George Q. Flynn, Selective Service and American Blacks During World War II, (Journal of Negro History, LXIX. 1, Winter 1984), 19. 15. John Modell, Marc Goulden, and Sigurder Magnusson, World War II in the Lives of Black Americans: Some Findings and an Interpretation, Journal of American History. LXXVI, 3, December 1989, 845. 16. Daniel, Going Among Strangers: Southern Reactions to World War II, 905-8. 17. Ethridge quoted in David Southern, Beyond Jim Crow Liberalism, (Journal of Negro History, LXVI, 3. Fall 1981), 211 18. Arnold R. Hirsch, Making the Second Ghetto: Race and Housing in Chicago, 1940-1960, Cambridge and London, 1983, 52- 53. 19. Henriques Fernando. Children of Conflict. (New York: E. P. Dutton and Company, 1975), 25 20. Henriques Fernando. Children of Conflict. (New York: E. P. Dutton and Company, 1975), 30 21. Sandor Gabrielle. The Other Americans. (American Demographics, June 1994), 16( 6):36-43. 22. Henriques Fernando. Children of Conflict. (New York: E. P. Dutton and Company, 1975), 91, 92 23. Henry Hampton and Steven Fayer, eds. , Voices of Freedom: An Oral History of the Civil Rights Movement from the 1950s through the 1980s, (New York, 1990), 435,436 24. Schwerner Cassie. Beyond Socialism and Identity Politics: The U. S. Left after the Fall. Pp. 32-45 in Whats Left, ed. Charles Derber, Amherst, Mass. : (The University of Massachusetts Press, 1995) 32-45. 25. Spickard Paul R. Mixed Blood. Madison: (University of Wisconsin Press, 1989), 339.